How do I install a Package Manager within Cygwin ?

  1. UPDATE CYGWIN

First of all you will need to ensure that Cygwin has the necessary binaries required for apt-cyg. This is achieved via the use of the Cygwin setup executable via the Windows command prompt.

C:\Windows\System32>C:\Users\admin\Downloads\setup.exe -q -P  wget,tar,qawk,bzip2,subversion,vim
  1. INSTALL APT-CYG

Next download and install apt-cyg from within Cygwin.

$ svn --force export http://apt-cyg.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ /bin/ 
$ chmod +x /bin/apt-cyg
  1. SYNTAX
"apt-cyg install <package names>" to install packages
"apt-cyg remove <package names>" to remove packages
"apt-cyg update" to update setup.ini
"apt-cyg show" to show installed packages
"apt-cyg find <pattern(s)>" to find packages matching patterns
"apt-cyg describe <pattern(s)>" to describe packages matching patterns
"apt-cyg packageof <commands or files>" to locate parent packages
  1. EXAMPLE
$ apt-cyg install rsync
 Working directory is /setup
 Mirror is ftp://mirror.mcs.anl.gov/pub/cygwin
 --2011-05-09 06:44:24-- ftp://mirror.mcs.anl.gov/pub/cygwin/setup.bz2
 => `.listing'
 Resolving mirror.mcs.anl.gov (mirror.mcs.anl.gov)... 2620:0:dc0:1800:214:4fff:fe7d:1b9, 146.137.96.15, 146.137.96.7
 Connecting to mirror.mcs.anl.gov (mirror.mcs.anl.gov)|2620:0:dc0:1800:214:4fff:fe7d:1b9|:21... failed: Connection timed out.
 Connecting to mirror.mcs.anl.gov (mirror.mcs.anl.gov)|146.137.96.15|:21... connected.

 !! Output Omitted !! 

 2011-05-09 06:45:16 (131 KB/s) - `rsync-3.0.8-1.tar.bz2' saved [272248]

 Unpacking...
 Package rsync requires the following packages, installing:
 libgcc1 libiconv2 libpopt0 cygwin
 Package libgcc1 is already installed, skipping
 Package libiconv2 is already installed, skipping
 Package libpopt0 is already installed, skipping
 Package cygwin is already installed, skipping
 Package rsync installed
  1. REFERENCES

http://code.google.com/p/apt-cyg/

http://software.jessies.org/salma-hayek/cygwin-setup.html

  1. the following list of options to setup.exe:
Command Line Options:
 -A --disable-buggy-antivirus      Disable known or suspected buggy antivirus software packages during execution.
 -C --categories                   Specify entire categories to install
 -D --download                     Download from internet
 -d --no-desktop                   Disable creation of desktop shortcut
 -h --help                         print help
 -K --pubkey                       Path to extra public key file (gpg format)
 -L --local-install                Install from local directory
 -l --local-package-dir            Local package directory
 -n --no-shortcuts                 Disable creation of desktop and start menu shortcuts
 -N --no-startmenu                 Disable creation of start menu shortcut
 -O --only-site                    Ignore all sites except for -s
 -P --packages                     Specify packages to install
 -p --proxy                        HTTP/FTP proxy (host:port)
 -q --quiet-mode                   Unattended setup mode
 -r --no-replaceonreboot           Disable replacing in-use files on next reboot.
 -R --root                         Root installation directory
 -S --sexpr-pubkey                 Extra public key in s-expr format
 -s --site                         Download site
 -U --keep-untrusted-keys          Use untrusted keys and retain all
 -u --untrusted-keys               Use untrusted keys from last-extrakeys
 -X --no-verify                    Don't verify setup.ini signatures

So setup.exe -P should do the job. Don't have cygwin right here, so test it to confirm it works as expected.

To search for a package, per:

http://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/using-utils.html#cygcheck

you can use cygcheck -p:

cygcheck -p REGEXP
...
-p, --package-query  search for REGEXP in the entire cygwin.com package repository (requires internet connectivity)

which produces output like (example from above site):

$ cygcheck -p 'libexpat.*\.a'
Found 2 matches for 'libexpat.*\.a'.

expat-1.95.7-1            XML parser library written in C
expat-1.95.8-1            XML parser library written in C
  1. apt-cyg是Cygwin上必备的包管理器，在googlecode关闭后我们如何安装呢？？？

其实很简单，apt-cyg本质上是一个脚本文件，下载云盘资源并将apt-cyg文件放到任意你想放的位置，然后运行命令如下

Administrator@mypc ~
$ install apt-cyg /bin

成功后便可以像ubuntu的apt-get那样安装文件，下面以vim为例进行简单的展示

Administrator@mypc ~
$ apt-cyg install vim

当然，也有可能你遇到以下问题

Administrator@mypc ~
$ apt-cyg install vim
/usr/bin/apt-cyg: line 25: $ '\r': command not found
/usr/bin/apt-cyg: line 100: syntax error near unexpected token '$'{\r''
/usr/bin/apt-cyg: line 100: function wget {

这是因为windows下文件换行存在两个字符“\r\n”，而cygwin脚本只支持“\n”。解决方法很简单使用dos2unix转换下格式即可，你可用cygwin的setup软件来安装dos2unix，然后执行如下命令

Administrator@mypc ~
$ dos2unix apt-cyg
dos2unix: converting file apt-cyg to Unix format...

转换成功后按前述步骤重新安装一边即可，因为我们是脚本安装，所以无法获取在线帮助，下面附上apt-cyg常用命令

install - 安装包

remove - 移除包

update - 更新包

download - 检索包但并不下载

show - 展示指定包的信息

depends - 展示指定包的依赖关系